GRAVES FAMILY
BULLETIN
Vol. 17, No. 8, Nov. 26, 2015
A Free, Occasional,
Online Summary of Items of Interest to Descendants of all Families of Graves,
Greaves, Grieves, Grave, and other spelling variations Worldwide
===============================================================
Copyright © 2015 by the
Graves Family Association and Kenneth V. Graves. All rights reserved.
Information on how to
be removed from the subscription list is at the end of this bulletin. If you received this bulletin directly,
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If you received it from a friend and want to subscribe, send an email
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Click on these links to
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===============================================================
CONTENTS
** General Comments
** Family Tree DNA 2015
Christmas Sale & Mystery Rewards
** Status of Research
on Various Graves/Greaves Families
** Next Generation
Sequencing for Family Connections, and Haplogroup Projects
** Updates to the GFA
Website
** Take a DNA Test If
You HavenÕt & Join the Graves DNA Project
** More Help for
Adoptees
** Just Because ItÕs
Online DoesnÕt Mean ItÕs True
** Interesting Facts
About American Colonial Life
** Why Do So Many
Americans Think They Have Cherokee Blood?
** Should the Graves
Family Association Start Videochatting?
** 23andMe Announces
Meeting FDA Report Standards
**
To Submit Material to this Bulletin & Other Things
===============================================================
GENERAL
COMMENTS
It has been much too
long since the last issue of this bulletin. There are always other things demanding my attention.
The highlights of this
issue are the Family Tree DNA 2015 Christmas sale, which will continue through
the end of the year, and the need for and benefits of Y-DNA testing, with the
emphasis on SNP testing via Big Y and other tests.
I wish all of you who
celebrate the holiday a very happy Thanksgiving!
===============================================================
FAMILY
TREE DNA 2015 CHRISTMAS SALE & MYSTERY REWARDS
The Family Tree DNA
2015 Christmas sale started about 10 days ago and will continue until December
31 at 11:59 PM U.S. Central Time.
Visit the FTDNA products
page to see the discounted sale prices, and then log into your account to
view your Mystery Reward coupon.
If you donÕt have an account, place an order and then you will. You will receive a new Mystery Reward
coupon each week. This will be a
randomized discount of up to $75 off.
If you are not going to use your coupon, you can post it for someone
else to use.
From your account you
can order any discounted product you want. You can also order a SNP package at a sale price if it is
listed on your page. To order the
Big Y test (the most comprehensive Y-DNA SNP test, discussed and recommended in
following articles), which is also on sale, click the Big Y link down the left
side of your page. Although still
quite expensive, this is presently the most helpful test for placement of
genealogies relative to other genealogies.
===============================================================
STATUS
OF RESEARCH ON VARIOUS GRAVES/GREAVES FAMILIES
The following family
groups and genealogies are some of those on which there has been activity over
the past few months. The designations
in parentheses are the DNA groups in the master Y-DNA summary table here. The year after each
genealogy is the date of birth (or approximate date) of the earliest known
ancestor. The two near-term
objectives we have for each of these groups are:
(1) Determine whether all the genealogies in this group
are descended from a common Graves/Greaves ancestor. The easiest way to do this is for a male descendant through
an all-male line of descent from a Graves/Greaves ancestor to take an STR Y-DNA
test (minimum of 37 markers, but 67 or 111 markers even better). If no male like this can be found,
autosomal DNA tests of several descendants may give a lower level of ancestral
confirmation.
(2) Determine how the genealogies within each group are
related to each other and how they are descended from the common ancestor. This involves SNP testing for each
family of interest of a male descendant through an all-male line. The best test for at least one male in
each group is the Big Y. Both this
test and the STR Y-DNA test are only available from Family Tree DNA.
GRAVES/GREEVES FAMILIES
OF NORTHERN IRELAND AND DELAWARE, (I1-085)
Proven by DNA
35, William Graves and
Grace ------ of Drogheda, Co. Louth, Ireland 1600
50 Humphrey
Isaac Greaves of NC 1745
85 Thomas
Graves of New Castle Co., DE, Quaker 1650
472 Thomas
J. Graves of OH & DE 1813
Possibly connected
300 Thomas
Greeves and Sarah Ann ------ of Washington, DC 1784
706 John
Greeves and Mary Coe of Norfolk, England 1771
712 John
Grierson of Scotland, and the Greer and Greeves Family of Ireland 1490
744 Daniel
Greeves and Rosa ------ of Ireland & York, England 1802
918 Parents
of Nicea Greeves and Thomas Breeden of Calvert Co., MD 1780
Others possibly
connected (from April 1999 GFNL)
¥ Lewis
Graves and Susan Catherine Barlow of DE (gen. 45)
¥ Levi
C. Graves and Elizabeth D. Starbuck of IN, IL & WI (gen. 244)
¥ Jesse
Graves and Elizabeth Lloyd of PA, Quakers (gen. 167)
¥ John
Graves and Sarah ------ of VA & OH (gen. 160)
¥ Anna
R. Graves and Sylvester Ratcliff of OH (gen. 797)
¥ Jonas
Graves and Mary Bethel of Vinton Co., OH (gen. 798)
¥ Martha
Graves and Isaac Cox of NJ (gen. 138)
¥ Margaret
Graves and William Morton of Ireland & PA (gen. 367)
¥ Mary
Graves and Anderson R. Hunter of Ross Co. & Stark Co., OH (gen. 650)
¥ Sarah
J. Graves and Abner P. Talley of New Castle Co., DE (gen. 701, no genealogy)
¥ Rachel
Graves and Joseph Wyatt of Ross Co. & Jackson Co., OH (gen. 780)
GRAVES FAMILIES OF VA,
NC & GILES CO., TN, (R-Ungrouped), 1 test
Families shown by DNA
analysis to be related: (in R-Ungrouped)
32 Campbell
Graves of VA & Giles Co., TN 1801
Other families that may
be related
82 John
Graves and Ann Campbell of NC & Giles Co., TN 1775
GRAVES FAMILIES OF VA,
NC, SC, TN & KY (R1-013)
Possibly descended from
Grave/Graves families of Cambridgeshire, Cumbria/Cumberland & Lancashire,
England (R1-377)
Shown by DNA
13, William Graves and
Elizabeth ‑‑‑‑‑‑ of VA, NC & KY 1755
106, John Samuel Graves
and Mary Blocker of SC 1780
148, John S. Graves of
NC, Livingston Co., KY, and Johnson Co., IL 1776
441, John R. Graves and
Hannah Corder of TN, KY & IL 1790
928, John Graves and
Mary Ann Payne of TN & Madison Co., NC 1851
GRAVES/GREAVES FAMILIES
OF CAROLINE CO., ALBERMARLE CO., AND HALIFAX CO., VA, AND SC (R1-018)
Families shown by DNA
analysis to be related:
18 Jonathan
Greaves and Elizabeth Dickson of NC & AL 1764
49 Ira
Graves and Sallie ------ of VA 1790
84 Parents
of William Lynch Graves of Albemarle Co., VA 1770
103 William
Graves and Sarah Ford of SC & Franklin Co., MS 1785
145 John
Graves of Halifax Co., VA 1735
155 Dr.
Thomas Graves and Charity ------ of SC & Pike Co., AL 1768
169 (part) Richard
Graves and Jane Fielding (or Cassandra -----) of VA, KY & White Co., IL 1773
217 Beverly
Graves of Caroline Co., VA 1755
851 Archibald
Graves and Patience ------ of Marion Co., SC 1804
906 Snead
Graves of Albemarle Co., VA 1750
Other families that may
be related
234 Hugh
Rice Graves and Elizabeth Mawyer of Albemarle Co., VA 1822
286 James
Graves and Susan Moran of VA 1797
909 Isaac
Graves of Hancock Co., MS 1770
Additional families
that may be related
57 Thomas
Graves and Miss Liles of TN 1750
63 Archibald
Graves of NC & Pike Co., AL 1785
73 Hardy
Graves of SC & Pike Co., AL 1775
92 John
Graves and Susan ------ of SC & Carter Co., TN 1746
223 John
Graves and Edith June ------ of Albemarle Co., VA 1775
288 Sarah
Graves and William Gregory of VA (no male Graves descendants) 1740
325 Jacob
Graves and Mary Frances Dickerson of Caroline Co., VA (no male Graves
descendants) 1826
575 Stephen
Graves and Emma Wall of SC, Pike Co., AL & Panola Co., TX 1820
678 Stephen
Graves of AL & TX 1835
941 Stephen
Graves and Rachael Graves of NC, Pike Co., AL & Holmes Co., MS 1780
GENEALOGY 94, Part of
GRAVES AND GREAVES FAMILIES POSSIBLY DESCENDED FROM GREAVES FAMILY OF BEELEY,
DERBYSHIRE (R1-228)
94 William
Graves and Sarah Fisher of Culpeper Co., VA (being gradually removed from gen.
270)
Many other connections
to be found in this group, such as:
The probable
connections of gen. 238, etc., with gen. 28.
Graves families of
Randolph Co. & Surry Co., NC (see charts here and here)
===============================================================
NEXT
GENERATION SEQUENCING FOR FAMILY CONNECTIONS, AND HAPLOGROUP PROJECTS
There has been much
discussion on the ISOGG (International Society of Genetic Genealogy) list about
using SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) to find ancestry and determine
relationships. When we first
started using DNA testing to find ancestry, Y-DNA was tested for STRs (short
tandem repeats). STRs are still
very useful, but next generation sequencing to find SNPs in Y-DNA offers many
advantages.
COMMENTS RELATING TO HAPLOGROUP
R-M222
Although this
haplogroup is presently known to apply to very few Graves/Greaves families, it
is an example of what has been happening with SNP testing. There may be similar resources for
other haplogroups also. The R-M222
SNP can be seen at the bottom right of the Y-DNA SNP chart on the GFA website here. R-M222 and Sub-clades, like other
haplogroup projects, has exploded with discovery. The project itself has a
membership of 1309 members (probably more now) with haplotypes. Much of the information about this
haplogroup was provided by Susan Hedeen.
Anyone descended from
R-M222, particularly those who are actively investigating downstream branches
through SNP testing and/or NGS, should join this project. There is also a closed yahoo discussion
group here.
In addition to the
project pages, there is kept an ancillary spread sheet of 468 separate results
of SNP testing results from all vendors, and includes
(1) Discovery results
from 107 separate NGS results -- slightly over 22.86% of those in the spread
sheet (NGS testing -- 93 BIGY and 14 FGC)
(2) Results from Single
SNP testing and SNP panels (FTDNA, YSEQ, and ScotlandsDNA - Chromo2)
As a result of all of
this discovery and investigative testing by genetic genealogy testers, The
R-M222 sub-clade has multiplied and subdivided. Including its major Sub-Clades, there are confirmed results
falling into 72 SNP defined sub-divisions of the Clade .
HOW TO PROCEED WITH SNP TESTING
The following discussion was written
for genealogy 37, but similar approaches can be used for all other
genealogies. For the Y-DNA
R-haplogroup, there is a R-M269 project for those in the early stages of
investigation. Almost everyone who
has done some SNP testing can then benefit by joining either the R-U106 or the
R-P312 project. Under R-P312 there
are R-U152 and R-L21 projects.
The Y-DNA test results at 12 markers
are really not meaningful. I think
the best approach to figuring out the relationship of gen. 37 to other families
is to pursue SNP testing. We are still in the very early stages of doing that.
If you look at the R-haplogroup chart, which you can access by clicking on
Y-DNA on the DNA drop-down tab at the top of every GFA website page and then
going to the bottom of that Y-DNA page, you will see that gen. 37 is in the
lower right of that chart (next to SNP L21. Gen. 270 is on another branch of
this tree, down from SNP U152 (which is next to L21), so they cannot be closely
related. On the other hand, gen. 168 and the part of gen. 169 descended from
the branch that contains the descendants of Capt. Thomas Graves's son John
Graves is also down from L21 (so closer to gen. 37 than gen. 270 is).
What is needed next is for a descendant
of gen. 37 to take the Big Y test or at least do additional SNP testing. Then
any other Graves families descended from L21 should do the same thing. You can
be assisted in this by joining the appropriate haplogroup project. The two
haplogroup projects that look most pertinent for you are the one for R-P312 and
the one for R-L21. You can see a complete list of Y-DNA haplogroup projects on
the ISOGG website here.
When you click on the link for the particular project of interest, it will take
you to an explanatory page on the FTDNA website. Then you can click on the
"Join Request" or ÒJoinÓ link at the top to join the project.
The page for the R-P312
project has a list of steps that every member should take. The most important ones (according to
them) are to test to at least 67 markers with the STR Y-DNA test, and have at
least one member of the group take the Big Y test,
HOW TO FIND WHICH HAPLOGROUP
PROJECT YOU SHOULD JOIN
Everyone who has done
Y-DNA testing and is interested in learning more should join a Y-haplogroup
project. The following table
provides a guide to which project should be joined.
If you are in this genealogy
group |
Included Genealogies |
You should join this Y-DNA
haplogroup project |
R1-197 |
156, 197, 336 |
R-M343 (R1b ALL) |
|
|
|
R1-013 |
13, 106, 148, 441,
928 |
R-M269 |
R1-018 |
18, 49, 57, 84, 103,
145, 155, 851 |
R-M269 |
R1-070 |
70 |
R-M269 |
R1-083 |
83, 428, 457 |
R-M269 |
R1-104 |
104, 547 |
R-M269 |
R1-126 |
126 |
R-M269 |
R1-364 |
364, 530 |
R-M269 and R-P312 |
R1-437 |
437 |
R-M269 |
R-Ungrouped |
165 and most others
in R-Ungrouped |
R-M269 |
|
|
|
R1-105 |
105 |
R-U106 |
R1-169 |
147, 169 (from son
Thomas), 956 |
R-U106 |
R1-228 |
28, 150, 166, 220,
228, 247, etc. |
R-U106 |
R1-377 |
116, 199, 231, 377,
432, 683, 793 |
R-U106 |
R-Grieve |
Grieve/Grieves |
R-U106 |
|
|
|
R1-047 |
47, 172, 270, 443,
549, 741, 877, 935 |
R-U152 |
|
|
|
R1-168 |
168, 65, 169 (from
son John) |
R-L21 |
R-Ungrouped |
37 |
R-L21, R-P312 and
R-M269 |
|
|
|
E-Ungrouped |
218, 431, 789 |
R-M2 |
E-Ungrouped |
68, 366 |
R-M35 |
|
|
|
I1-327 |
592 |
I-M253 |
I1-316 |
283, 316 |
I-M253 |
I1-327 |
327 |
I-M253 |
I1-085 |
35, 85, 472 |
I-P109 |
I2-078 |
48, 78,189, 258, 381,
920 |
I-M223 |
I2-090 |
90 |
I-M223 |
|
|
|
J-Ungrouped |
All in this group |
J-M172 |
|
|
|
Q-Ungrouped |
768 |
Q |
===============================================================
UPDATES
TO THE GFA WEBSITE
Updated pages:
¥
African ancestry
(african.php)
¥
Numerical
genealogy listing (charts.php)
New Genealogies:
¥
Gen.471, Thomas
Graves and Barbara ------ of Caswell Co., NC
Revised genealogies:
¥
Gen. 32, Campbell
Graves of VA and Giles Co., TN
¥
Gen. 67, Susan
Catherine Desnoozes Graves of Caswell Co., NC
¥
Gen. 68, Graves
Family of Yorkshire and Mickleton Manor, Gloucestershire, England
¥
Gen. 168, Thomas
Graves of Hartford, CT & Hatfield, MA
¥
Gen. 242, Gilliam
Graves of Randolph Co., NC
¥
Gen. 270, John
Graves/Greaves of Northamptonshire, England & Virginia
¥
Gen. 441, John R.
Graves and Hannah Corder of TN, KY & IL
¥
Gen. 455, Parents
of Harry Graves and Aquilla Graves of Caswell Co., NC
¥
Gen. 778, John W.
Graves and Elizabeth ------ of Ross Co., OH & TX
¥
Gen. 978, Francis
Greaves and Susannah Hasland of Harthill, Yorkshire, England
===============================================================
TAKE A
DNA TEST IF YOU HAVENÕT & JOIN THE GRAVES DNA PROJECT
EVERYONE SHOULD TAKE A DNA TEST
In addition to being an
interesting thing to do, the Graves/Greaves research objectives will be
furthered by:
¥
all males
descended by an all-male line from a male Graves/Greaves ancestor taking a
Y-DNA test
¥
everyone taking
an autosomal DNA test (Family Finder on FTDNA).
JOIN THE GRAVES DNA PROJECT
The main benefit of
joining the Graves DNA project on Family Tree DNA is that you can much more
easily be helped by me and others with understanding what your results mean,
and putting them to good use for both you and others. To join the Graves DNA project, you must either have tested
at FTDNA or have transferred your autosomal DNA results to FTDNA from another
testing company (Ancestry.com, 23andMe, or National Geographic). Once that has been done, the steps are:
¥
Sign into your
personal page on FTDNA.
¥
Click on myFTDNA
in the top left of the page.
¥
Click myGroups.
¥
Click Join Group.
¥
Find the Graves
project and join. I and any other
Graves project administrators will be automatically notified.
Our objective is to
find everyoneÕs Graves/Greaves ancestry, and the more test results we have for
comparison and analysis, the more success we will have.
===============================================================
MORE HELP
FOR ADOPTEES
Richard Hill recently
wrote an article that was published in the September issue of Adoption Today,
called ÒDNA Testing: Seven Guidelines for Adoptees.Ó You can see it on his blog here. In just two pages he has summarized the
key tests and some major resources for getting help.
You can also see other
helpful articles for adoptees and others on the main page of his DNA Testing
Adviser blog. The Adoption Today
website also can provide much more information here, although they seem to charge for
a subscription and to view articles.
I have previously
mentioned the helpful articles on the DNAeXplained
blog of Roberta Estes. You can
either search on her website for articles about adoptees and finding birth
parents, or you can click here
to go directly to that section.
===============================================================
JUST
BECAUSE ITÕS ONLINE DOESNÕT MEAN ITÕS TRUE
We all know about
incorrect information in submitted genealogies. People have been complaining about errors, sometimes so
obvious that you wonder how they could have been made, for years. Because Ancestry.com is such a major
repository of submitted genealogies, they have received much of the criticism. However, there are also outright frauds
in the field of genealogy, and some of these have managed to be perpetuated
through ignorance of their fraudulent nature.
In a recent
article in CanadaÕs
History magazine, titled ÒRoots: Family fraudsÓ, author Paul Jones writes
that researchers should beware perpetuating falsehoods from the past. He discusses Gustave Anjou and others
who fabricated genealogies, offers some signs of a faulty pedigree, and warns
against "self-imposed" deceptions based on online sources.
ÒThe mid-nineteenth
century in particular was an era of what one commentator has termed Òparvenu
genealogy,Ó characterized by specious claims of connections to wealth,
nobility, and heraldic entitlement. Many con men of the day, and at least one
woman, produced false family trees at a profit for a credulous public. Even the
most respected genealogist of the era, Horatio Gates Somerby, whose works can
still be purchased on Amazon, sometimes embellished his research to ensure
happy outcomes for clients.Ó
===============================================================
INTERESTING
FACTS ABOUT AMERICAN COLONIAL LIFE
A recent article in the
Ancestry.com blog was interesting.
It was titled ÒSix
Unbelievable, But True, Facts About Colonial Life.Ó The six facts that were listed are:
¥
Courtship
practices included bed sharing.
¥
Blended families
were common. During the Colonial
era the average marriage lasted less than 10 years because of high mortality,
so remarriage was frequent.
¥
Parents expected
some children to die.
¥
Jobs were
extremely limited.
¥
Currency wasnÕt
just cash or coin.
¥
Imported goods
were sometimes way expensive. For
example, bed sheets could cost more than a bed.
===============================================================
WHY DO
SO MANY AMERICANS THINK THEY HAVE CHEROKEE BLOOD?
This
article on Slate caught my attention partly because it is subtitled ÒThe
History of a Myth.Ó My expectation
was that the author would discuss that many of those who thought they have
Cherokee ancestry are descended from another Native American tribe or do not
have any Native American ancestry at all.
Although those statements may be true, that isnÕt mainly what this
article is about.
The article states that
more Americans claim descent from at least one Cherokee ancestor than any other
Native American group. In 2010,
the federal census reported that 819,105 Americans self-identified as Cherokee. According to the article, the main
reason for the large number of Cherokee descendants is that during the 17th
and 18th centuries, as European colonization engulfed their
territory (in what is now Virginia, West Virginia, Kentucky, North and South
Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama), Cherokees began altering their social and
cultural traditions to better survive and prosper. They began emphasizing marrying outside their own clans, and
sought to solidify alliances through intermarriage. There was also intermarriage with Africans. However, Òamong black Americans, as
among Americans as a whole, the belief in Cherokee ancestry is more common than
actual blood ties.Ó
===============================================================
SHOULD
THE GRAVES FAMILY ASSOCIATION START VIDEOCHATTING?
Effective communication
is very important to both individuals and organizations. The Graves Family Association uses a
website, a Facebook page, email, and this bulletin. We used to also use conferences and group meetings, but they
are a lot of work to organize, and so we use them much less now. However, there are other methods of
communication. One of them is
videoconferencing or video chatting.
This is used by the Guild of One Name Studies, and many other
organizations, and by many informal groups of family and friends. An article in the most recent issue of EastmanÕs Online Genealogy Newsletter discusses
an improvement for Skype (now part of Microsoft) that might be of interest to
us.
Should we consider
doing something along this line?
Does anyone want to do the organizing?
Dick EastmanÕs article
is titled ÒMicrosoft Skype Simplifies Group Video Chats.Ó It says that for chats by families,
friends, genealogy societies, and other groups, even if the participants are
separated by long distances, Skype is a good option. ÒSkype has offered group video chats for some time but it
was always a bit awkward to set up such a chat and to invite others to join in.
Now the process has been simplified.Ó
ÒSkype for Windows,
Skype for Mac, or Skype for Web users can generate a unique URL and send it to
others, enabling them to join a group and start chatting. The recipients don't
have to be Skype users; they can receive the URL via email, Messenger,
WhatsApp, Twitter, and/or other channels.
The new chat-invitation
feature enables group instant-messaging chats, voice chats and/or video chats.
This new feature is now
available almost everywhere within the United States and should be available in
the rest of the world within a few weeks.Ó
Details may be found on
the Skype blog here.
===============================================================
23ANDME
ANNOUNCES THEIR REPORTS NOW MEET FDA STANDARDS
I recently received an
email with the following announcement from Anne Wojcicki, CEO of DNA testing
company 23andMe. Especially for
those of you interested in the health aspects of DNA testing, this may be
welcome news.
ÒToday marks a great
milestone in the history of personal genetics. I am thrilled to let you know
that 23andMe is now the first and only genetic service available directly to
you that includes reports that meet FDA standards.
After nearly two years
of work with the FDA, extensive user comprehension testing and a complete
redesign, 23andMe is launching an entirely new experience that includes carrier
status, wellness, trait and ancestry reports. We have also developed new and
improved tools to share and compare your genetics with friends and family - and
for those of you participating in research, we will provide new insights to
explore.
As one of our earlier
customers, you will continue to have access to your current health reports. The
new experience will include redesigned versions of many of the same health and
ancestry reports that you currently have. We have also added some new features
and tools.
Our team will be
rolling out the new experience to you by early next year. We will send you an
email when your account is updated.
If you have any
questions on the new experience, you can visit our new FAQ page. Additionally,
we have updated our Privacy Statement and Terms of Service to support the new
features, which I encourage you to read.
We are committed to
bringing you a world-class service which provides you with ongoing updates. The
genetics revolution is here and we are excited to enable customers like you to
keep learning about your DNA. Today is only the beginning!Ó
===============================================================
ABOUT THIS BULLETIN:
This bulletin is
written and edited by Kenneth V. Graves, ken.graves@gravesfa.org.
TO SUBMIT MATERIAL TO THIS
BULLETIN:
Send any material you
would like to have included in this bulletin to ken.graves@gravesfa.org. The editor reserves the right to
accept, edit or reject any material submitted.
TO JOIN THE GRAVES FAMILY
ASSOCIATION:
If you do not already
belong to the GFA, you can join by sending $20 per year to Graves Family
Association, 20 Binney Circle, Wrentham, MA 02093 (more details on GFA
website). Payment may also be sent
electronically to gfa@gravesfa.org via PayPal.
COPYRIGHTS:
Although the contents
of this bulletin are copyrighted by the Graves Family Association and Kenneth
V. Graves, you are hereby granted permission, unless otherwise specified, to
re-distribute part or all to other parties for non-commercial purposes only.